這是我們在2017年為美國南加州大學的學弟寫的一篇東西文化類essay的範文,首先在開頭部分以introduction的形式介紹文章的背景和主題,提出自“9•11”襲擊以來,美國霸權與伊斯蘭恐怖分子之間的關係已引起全球學者的關注。同時,敘利亞最近的公民戰爭也提醒全球公眾對伊斯蘭世界的關注。
Since the September 11 attacks, the relations between the American supremacy and Islamic Terrorist have been arisen global attention for academics. Meanwhile, the recent civic war in Syria also reminders the global public attention towards Islamic world. With the establishment of the Islamic State. Even recently, the incumbent American president banned Muslim to entry their borders. The security problem brought by the relations of Muslim and the American supremacy has become a global issue. This extremely intensive relationship is following the discourse of American Orientalism as the US replaced the Great Britain becoming the dominant power on the earth (Rotter, 2000).
接着在body部分寫出詳細的觀點和論據,提出美國權力的崛起促進了白人至上主義和白人與西方文化的種族主義思想。本文研究的關鍵概念是東方主義。東方學主要關注亞洲國家,特別是中東國家或穆斯林國家的情況。伊斯蘭國家的崛起和世界恐怖主義推動西方國家重新考慮其對伊斯蘭世界的代表權。
The rise of the US power worldwide promotes the thought of the white supremacy and the racism of the white people and the western culture (Amin-Khan, 2012). The key concept investigated in this article is orientalism. The concept of Orientalism was primarily illustrated by Said. Said defines the term “Orientalism” as the ideology promoting the “West-and-Islam dualism”. According to Rotter (2000), Orientalism mainly focus on investigating how British and French represented western civilization represent the Asian countries, especially Middle East countries or Muslim countries. The rise of the Islamic State and worldwide terrorism pushes the western countries to reconsider their representation of the Islamic world in order to enhance the global security. In the discourse of orientalism, the white people are located in the centre of the world and superior towards other ethics, such as yellow people, black people and Muslim.
最後是conclusion的部分,提出在東方主義的觀念下,亞洲國家被視為異化和不尋常的東方主義,不符合多元化的世界。隨着全球恐怖主義日益猖獗,反美情緒有所抬頭。美國和歐洲國家不僅應該通過軍事力量來捍衛自己的邊界安全,還應該注意西方文化與伊斯蘭文化之間的文化協調。
Under the concept of orientalism, the Asian countries are viewed as alienate and unusual, so that orientalism is not coordinate with the world of diversity and pluralism. As the global terrorism is becoming rampant, and there is a rise of anti-American sentiment. The US and European countries should take measures to defend their border security not only through military force but also cultural reconcile between the western culture and the Islamic culture. According to Rotter (2000), the rise of the new Orientalism is accompanying by the white supremacy. Currently, there are two pathways for addressing the issue of Islamic terrorism, through cultural reconcile or minimize cultural interaction. The prevalence of orientalism thoughts may increase the anti-Muslim sentiment among the white people. By investigating and accessing the history of orientalism, it could take measures to minimize the negative influence of “West-and-Islamic dualism” and enhance mutual understanding between the Islamic world and the western world. From my personal view, the scope of orientalism is board including the region of the Far East (China, Japan and Korea).
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